![]() ![]() Thus, low population density and remoteness together define a set of rural areas that face special development challenges.Ĭountries differ in the way they classify population as "urban" or "rural." Where large urban areas are distant, farm-gate or factory-gate prices of outputs will be low and input prices will be high, and it will be difficult to recruit skilled people to public service or private enterprises. Where population densities are low, markets of all kinds are thin, and the unit cost of delivering most social services and many types of infrastructure is high. The report argues that these criteria are important gradients along which economic behavior and appropriate development interventions vary substantially. Along the way access to infrastructure, social services, and nonfarm employment increase, and with them population density and income.Ī 2005 World Bank Policy Research Paper proposes an operational definition of rurality based on population density and distance to large cities (Chomitz, Buys, and Thomas 2005). Life changes along a variety of dimensions, moving from the most remote forest outpost through fields and pastures, past tiny hamlets, through small towns with weekly farm markets, into intensively cultivated areas near large towns and small cities, eventually reaching the center of a megacity. The two distinct images - isolated farm, thriving metropolis - represent poles on a continuum. There is no universal standard for distinguishing rural from urban areas, and any urban-rural dichotomy is an oversimplification. The rural population is calculated using the urban share reported by the United Nations Population Division. The United Nations Population Division and other agencies provide current population estimates for developing countries that lack recent census data and pre- and post-census estimates for countries with census data. ![]() While a practical means of identifying the rural population, it is not a precise measure. Rural population is approximated as the midyear nonurban population. Rural population is calculated as the difference between the total population and the urban population. World Bank staff estimates based on the United Nations Population Division's World Urbanization Prospects: 2018 Revision. Aggregation of urban and rural population may not add up to total population because of different country coverages. It is calculated as the difference between total population and urban population. Rural population refers to people living in rural areas as defined by national statistical offices. ![]()
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